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Deprecated: filter_input(): Passing null to parameter #4 ($options) of type array|int is deprecated in /home/cumbalik/public_html/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Util/Input.php on line 64 Tarih Kokan Semt: Balat – Cumbalı Kahve
İstanbul Avrupa Yakası’nda yer alan Fatih’e bağlıdır. Haliç kıyısında Ayvansaray ile Fener arasında kalır.
Balat ismini nereden alır?
Balat adı “Palation” yani saray kelimesinden gelir. Blaherna Sarayı’na yakınlığı ile bu adı almıştır. Bazı kaynaklarda ise Balat’ın ismi 1453’den önceki adı; vasiliki pili. Bu isim hünkar kapısı anlamına geliyor.
Balat’ın tarihteki yeri nedir?
Balat’ın tarihi Bizanslılara kadar dayanıyor. O dönemlerden kalan sinagog, kilise, cami, okul, han, çarşı gibi tarihsel dokuları olan yapıları günümüzde görmek mümkündür.
Balat’a ilk yerleştirilenler; Makedon Kastorio’dan gelen Musevi ailelerdir. Bu aileler fakirdir. Balat’a gelen Musevi aileler 100 civarındadır. Bu aileler Kastorio Sinagogu’nu inşa edip çevresine yerleşmişlerdir.
1493 yılında İspanya’dan gelen Yahudiler Balat’a yerleşmiş ve uzun bir süre Balat’ta yaşamıştır. 1497 yılında ise Portekiz ve İtalya’da Museviler gelmiştir. Museviler ise Geruş, Neve Şalom, Messina ve Montias sinagoglarını kurmuşlar. 1599 Rodos’tan gelen ayrıca 1660 yılında çıkan büyük yangında Tahtakale, Bahçetepe ve Yemiş İskelesi’nde oturan Museviler Balat’a taşınmıştır.
15.yy.’dan itibaren Museviler Balat’ta ve Haliç’in karşısında Hasköy’de yaşamıştır. Yahudi evleri günümüzde hala vardır. Balat’ın iç kısımlarına doğru bu evlere rastlamak mümkündür.
Yahudi evleri genellikle 2-3 katlı, dar ön yüzlü ve üst katlarında cunta gibi çıkmaları olan binalardır. Eski Balat kapısından girildiğinde Yahudilerden kalan yapılara rastlayabiliriz. Sağ tarafta Yanyol Sinagogu, Ahrido Sinagogu bulunur. Ayios Strati Ortodoks Kilisesi’de Balat’ta yer alan yapılardan biridir. Mimar Sinan Balat’ta Ferruh Kethüda Camii’yi yapmıştır ve caminin ilerisinde Surp Hreşdegabet Kilisesi vardır. Bu kilise aslında Rum Ortodoks kilisesidir ama 1629 yılında Ermeni-Gregoryen toplumuna verilmiştir.
16.yy’da mahalle adı değiştirilerek sem adını almış ve yavaş yavaş Müslümanlarda Balat’a yerleşmeye başlamıştır. Müslümanlarında Balat’a taşınması ile camiler yapılmıştır. Sümbül Tekkesi, Balat’ta yer alan en eski tekkedir.
18 ve 19.yy’da Balat eskisi gibi canlı değildir. Haliç’te yer alan ticaretin azalması ve 1894 yılındaki deprem, yangınlar bunda etkin olmuştur.
Tarihte Balat’ın yapısı nasıldır?
Balat’ın yapısını Balat’ta yaşayanlar belirlemiştir. Mesela; Haliç kıyısının oradaki sokaklarda fakir aileler yaşamıştır. Genelde kayıkçılar, sokak satıcıları, hamallar… Bu yüzden o sokaklarda fakir aileleri besleyen yahudhaneler yer almıştır. Zengin aileler ise Suriçi’ndeki Dubek, Ahrida, Tahtaminare, İstipol ve Asturya mahallelerinde yaşamıştır.
Balat’ta göç olayları ne zaman başladı?
19.yy’ın sonlarında Balat’ta yaşayan Museviler Galata bölgesine göç etmeye başlamışlar. 1942’de yürürlüğe giren varlık vergisi ve 1948 yılında İsrail devletinin kurulması ile göç olayları başlamıştır.
Balatta yer alan tarihi yapılar nedir?
Bizanslılar ve Osmanlı döneminden kalan birçok tarihi yapı Balat sınırları içerisinde yer almaktadır. Bunlar;
1. Ferruh Kethüda camii
2. Yusuf Şücaüddin camii
3. Draman camii
4. Hoca Kasım Günani mescidi
5. Molla Aşki Mescidi
6. Balatkapı İoannes Prodromos Metokhion kilisesi
7. Balatkapı Panagia Balinou Kilisesi
8. Balatkapı Taksiarkhes Kilisesi
9. Surp Hreşdogabed kilisesi
10. Aghia Strati kilisesi
11. Sveti Stefan ( Demir kilise) Kilisesi
Balat evlerinin temel özellikleri nedir?
1. 30 metrekareden başlayan genelde 40 ve 50 metrekare taban oturumuna sahip bodrumu ile birlikte 3.5 katlı yapılardır.
2. Balat evlerinin bir kısmı bahçeli evlerdir.
3. Binaların dış duvarları kırmızı harman tuğladan yapılmıştır.
4. Bu binalar yığma kargir evlerdir.
5. Binaların tavan ve taban kısımları ahşaptır.
6. Oda bölmeleri bağdadi adı verilen çıta üzeri horasan sıva tekniği kullanılır.
7. Evlerin bodrum katlarında ıslak zeminler bulunur.
8. Bodrum kat zeminlerde yer çinisi kullanılmıştır.
9. Bu evlerde sarnıç ve kuyu vardır.
Balat’ta çıkan yangınlar hangileridir?
Balat tarihinde birçok yangına sahne olmuştur. Bu yangınlardan kayıtta olanlar şunlardır:
1510 yangını; Yahudi mahallesinde başlayıp Balat’tan Bahçekapı’ya kadar uzanan yangındır. 800 dükkanın yanmasına sebep olmuştur.
1639 yangını; Balatkapı mumhane dışından başlayan yangın Balat’ta yer alan tüm evleri yaktı.
1692 yangını; bu yangında 1500 ev yandı.
1721 yangını; bir dükkanda çıkan bu yangın yapıların ahşap olması sebebi ile hızla yayılmıştır. Yangında yanan yapılar; 77 ev, 120 dükkan ve Çavuş Mescidi.
1729 yangını; Balatkapı’da bulunan bir manavda başlayan yangın poyrazında etkisi ile büyük bir bölümü yok etti.
1746 yangını; birçok yahudhane yandı.
1782 yangını; Sultan Selim Camii ile Karagümrük ve Hazine-i Şerif arasında kalan 7000 bina tamamen yandı.
1812 yangını; bir evde çıkan bu yangın 5 koldan Balat’ı yakmıştır.
1828 yangını; Abacı Çeşme yakınlarında çıkarak birçok Yahudi evinin yanmasına sebep olmuştur.
1866 yangını; 500 kadar bina yanmıştır.
1867 yangını; 118 bina yanmıştır.
1877 yangını; 121 bina yanmıştır.
1890 yangını; 1 cami, 35 dükkan ve 70 ev yanmıştır.
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